Multilingual Turkish Dictionary Turkish Turkish Sosyal Dusunce

Pluralism is the theory that a multitude of groups, not the people as a whole, govern the United States. These organizations, which include among others unions, trade and professional associations, environmentalists, civil rights activists, business and f

PLURALİSM2 : Turkish Turkish Sosyal Dusunce

Politicians frequently win office with only a "plurality" of the votes--that is, they receive more votes than their opponents--but not with a majority of the total eligible electorate. President Reagan, for example, received approximately 51 per

PLURALİSM3 : Turkish Turkish Sosyal Dusunce

The Pluralist View of PowerEveryone recognizes political power when they see it: Congress raises taxes; the president sends troops to Bosnia; the Supreme Court declares the death penalty constitutional; a police officer tells a motorist to pull

PLURALİSM4 : Turkish Turkish Sosyal Dusunce

Potential versus Actual Power. Pluralists also stress the differences between potential and actual power. Actual power means the ability to compel someone to do something; potential power refers to the possibility of turning resources into actual p

PLURALİSM5 : Turkish Turkish Sosyal Dusunce

Scope of Power. Finally, and perhaps most important, no one is all-powerful. An individual or group that is influential in one realm may be weak in another. Large military contractors certainly throw their weight around on defense matters, but how

PLURALİSM6 : Turkish Turkish Sosyal Dusunce

The Characteristics of PluralismPerhaps the key characteristic of American government, according to pluralists, is that it is dominated not by a single elite but rather by a multiplicity of relatively small groups, some of which are well organi

PLURALİSM7 : Turkish Turkish Sosyal Dusunce

A fourth characteristic is the openness of the system. It is open in two senses. First, most organizations are seldom if ever completely shut off from the outside. They continuously recruit new members from all walks of life. Second, the availability of u

PLURALİSM8 : Turkish Turkish Sosyal Dusunce

The fifth characteristic of the system is the endless quest by groups and office seekers for public support. Even though the masses do not govern directly, their opinions are a resource that can be used by one organization against another. In a country wh

PLURALİSM9 : Turkish Turkish Sosyal Dusunce

The final characteristic of pluralism is consensus on the "rules of the game." Consensus, or widespread agreement, among political activists and leaders on democratic principles and values holds the system together. These people accept regular a